The Invisible Line: Spain's Islamic Heritage

La Frontera Invisible/The Invisible Frontier (2:05)

Monastery of Suso and Roman Roads in Spain (2:20)

Roman Ruins of Cadiz (1:53)

Notre Dame La Grand in Portiers, France (2:14)

Visigoth Kingdom: Recpolis and Toledo (2:46)

Cartagena and Seville (2:31)

Romanesque and Gothic Architecture in Spain (3:09)

Basilica of San Juan Bautista (2:31)

Romanesque Ciudad Real (1:29)

Moorish Invasions (1:57)

Islam on the Iberian Peninsula: Rogues and Poets (1:46)

Tariq and Count Julian Plan a Joint Invasion (1:37)

Muslim Conquest 711-714 AD (1:57)

Caliphate of Cordoba (2:28)

Mozarabic Architecture (3:40)

Hermitages and Monasteries (3:16)

The Arab Home and Market (4:00)

Poets and Map Makers (4:42)

Tenth Century Polities on the Iberian Peninsula (2:42)

Muhammad Ibn Abi Aamir, or Al-Mansur, Grows to Fame as Almanzor (4:12)

Almanzor Achieves Love and Political Allies (2:08)

Almanzor Becomes Military Dictator of Cordoba (5:31)

Among a Confusion of Loyalties, Almanzor Attains Broad Power (4:41)

Almanzor Meets His End in Battle (4:02)

Galicia in the Twelfth Century (2:45)

Seville and the Reign of Al-Mu'tamid, Poet and Warrior (1:51)

Rise of King Alfonso VI (2:52)

King Alfonso VI and El Cid (5:34)

Medieval Cities of Spain in Lives of El Cid and Al-Mu'tamid (4:50)

Almoravid Invasion and Yusuf ibn Tashfin (3:57)

Splendors of Andalusia in the Twelfth Century (1:13)

Arab Towers Throughout Spain Inspired by Andalusians of the Twelfth Century (5:08)

Life and Thought of Averroes (Ibn Rushd) (2:56)

Averroes Invents the Madrassa (1:40)

Arab Fortifications, Doors, and Walls Illustrate Spain's Colorful History (4:50)

Picturesque Ruins of Castles Display Arab Influence (5:13)

Moroccan Necropolis in Rabat Holds Moorish Remains (1:50)

Twelfth Century Christian King Alfonso VIII and the Christian Reconquest of Spain (2:03)

Las Huelgas de Burgos and Toledo in the Twelfth Century (1:50)

Art Flourishes Amidst Spain's Turmoil in the Thirteenth Century (3:45)

Ferdinand III Furiously Pursues Reconquest (3:50)

Reconquest of Crdoba Hastens Demise of Arab Power (3:30)

Toledo's School of Translation (2:41)

Ferdinand III and Las Huelgas de Burgos (2:36)

Ferdinand III Overwhelms the Arabs (3:07)

Peace Between Muslims and Christians and Jews Fails (3:14)

Toledo and Castile, Examples of Cultural Co-existence (1:44)

Thirteenth Century Reign of Alfonso X (3:38)

Plague and Politics Threaten Spanish Culture in the Fourteenth Century (2:52)

Spanish Architecture Flourishes in the Fourteenth Century (1:44)

Fourteenth Century Monastery of Santa Clara in Seville (3:17)

Pedro I, the Last King of Three Cultures (4:29)

Historians of Fourteenth Century Spain Reconsider Pedro I (2:24)

The Alhambra, Synthesis of the Arts (2:59)

Fifteenth Century Memoirs of Don lvaro de Luna (7:00)

Influence of the Italian Renaissance in Spain (2:34)

Franciscan Friar Jimnez de Cisneros and Queen Isabella (5:10)

Franciscan Friar Jimnez de Cisneros Loyal to Church and Spain (3:56)