The Spanish Civil War

Roots of Growing Civil Unrest in Spain in Early 20th Century (3:15)

Attempts to Strengthen the Status Quo Fail (2:40)

Political Anger Targets the Catholic Church (1:08)

A Republican Constitution Is Approved December 10, 1931 (1:14)

Reform and Modernization Attempts Do Not Satisfy Factions (2:11)

Government Swings to the Right (2:02)

Violent Revolt by Miners and Separatists Crushed (3:01)

New Elections Called Again: Groups on Left and Right Form Coalitions (1:40)

Popular Front Gains Ground in 1936 Elections (3:23)

New Government Cannot Meet Worker Expectations (1:40)

Two Assassinations (2:08)

Military Coup d'Etat Ignites Nationalists Vs. Republicans (5:58)

Junta Plans Assault on Madrid, Resistance is Disorganized (3:11)

Generals Mola and Franco Take Important Cities, Get Help from Axis (2:12)

Massacres of Civilians Part of Rebel Strategy (2:14)

Legitimizing Repression (1:38)

International Attention for Spain's Civil War (4:29)

Fall 1936: Republican Army Reorganizes (4:11)

October 1936: Soviet and German Intercessions (1:27)

Republican Parliament Faces Political and Military Pressure (2:08)

Franco Names Self Head of State (3:08)

Basques Resist Rebel Forces, Republican Forces Fractured (1:54)

November 1936: Attack on Madrid (1:48)

Rebels Attack Major Highways, Supply Lines (2:37)

February 1937: Attack on Malaga and Suspension of Human Rights (1:40)

March 1937: Furious Fighting on Many Fronts (3:09)

Political Fears of Catholic Faithful and Church (2:07)

April 1937: Guernica and Franco's Hold on Power (2:03)

May 1937: Spain Loses Moderate Voices (2:36)

Troubles of President Negrin (3:03)

June 1937: Bombing Bilbao (2:39)

August 1937: Vision of Leaders Franco and Negrin (3:10)

August 1937: Gains by Nationalists (2:28)

October 1937: Most of Spain in Nationalist Hands (1:55)

Winter 1937: Recapture of Teruel (1:03)

December, 1937: Republican Army Captures Teruel (1:35)

Hunger Spreads Across Spain (3:56)

Economy Falters Under Republicans (2:22)

Franco's Embargo Prevents Food from Reaching Republican Areas (2:56)

Both Sides Import Armaments (0:52)

Class and Wealth Drive Opposing Ideologies (3:33)

The Catholic Church Chooses Franco's Side of "the Two Spains" (5:57)

Women Take a Role on Either Side (0:41)

After the Battle of Teruel, Republicans Unable to Maintain Advantage (3:18)

With Superior Forces, Nationalists Make Gains; Europe Ignores the Consequences (3:00)

March 1938: Barcelona Is in Panic (2:49)

July to November 1938: Battle of the Ebro River (4:04)

Republican Forces Are Dispirited (2:47)

Suffering Increases from Bombing, Hunger, Illness (2:20)

Nationalists Back Republicans into a Corner (1:38)

Franco Seeks Total Military Victory (2:33)

January 1939: Nationalists Descend on Barcelona (2:49)

Franco Imposes New Laws for Catalonia (2:44)

France Hesitates to Accept Refugees (2:44)

Refugees from All Regions and Factions Crowd into Camps in France (3:00)

France Sends Spanish Refugees to Germany (1:30)

February 1939: The Republican Government Falls (1:30)

Madrid's Population Is Terrorized (2:53)

Republicans Argue Two Options (2:43)

Franco Strengthens his Claim as Generalissimo; Communists Flee (3:19)

Franco's Victory Results in Further Atrocities (4:24)

April 1939: Suffering and Violence Continues (5:02)

Franco Legitimizes his Military Government (2:11)

Spain Suffers Tragic Loss of Intellectual Wealth (2:40)

Concentration Camps and Deaths Raise International Concern (1:44)

Spanish Refugees Enrich the New World (2:02)

Post-War Spain's Economy Remains in Shambles (1:08)